tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-59800484206720870862024-03-12T21:56:41.113-07:00finance institutionAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07772142146778725470noreply@blogger.comBlogger10125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5980048420672087086.post-68515413341144715462013-06-09T02:22:00.002-07:002013-06-09T02:22:31.215-07:00THE CHANGING STATUS OF WOMEN IN NEPAL <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">M</span></i></b><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">an and women were the first were creation of god. It is said that woman
was created for the companion of man. This trend is the same still among human
beings. Man and woman are companions to each other. However, this is the man
who considers woman as inferior race. Man dominates woman. Men wrong are
excused, but wrongs done by women are hardly excused. Most important role of
woman has been ever considered as housewife. She takes care of her family.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Nevertheless, status of women is
changing all the time. She has obtained her position at home as well as
outside. She works outside in an office or working place like industry. She can
earn money and support the family. We can see that a woman can work more than
man. Besides education has made women much forward. Education has made her much
more conscious. This, in turn, has brought a great changed in her economics,
social-cultural, political and legal status.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Law has been made for provision of
share of father property if she remains unmarried. Certain number of seats has
been preserved in parliamentary election and also in election of local bodies.
To sum up, I believe that economic, social-cultural, political and legal status
of woman is ever changing in Nepal.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07772142146778725470noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5980048420672087086.post-89994823310812450662013-06-09T02:20:00.003-07:002013-06-09T02:20:21.185-07:00PUBLIC FINANCE<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Public finance is often is called as
gover<i>nment finance. It is related to the
management of governme</i>nt income and experiment as well as financ<i>ial administration and c</i>ontrol in the
line of resources allocation.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Importance of Public Finance<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Public</span></i></b><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> finance is regarded as the most useful and powerful tool of public
authority to accelerate and direct the course of economic development of a
nation. It aims to maintain economics stability, ensures economic equality and
social justice, removes economic maladies and stimulates healthy economic
growth in an economy.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">1)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To develop agricultural and
industrial production by implementing subsidies tax and credit policies.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">2)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To minimize disparity in living
standard between rich and poor.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">3)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To maintain Economic and price
stability.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To accelerate the course of economics
development.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">5)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To achieve favorable balance of trade
and payment.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Public revenue<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Pubic revenue means income of a
government from various sources. In the early days of human civilization, the
role of government was limited.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">A government of 21<sup>st</sup>
century has it perform socio-economic function to establish economics
stability, to attain high economic growth and to maintain law and order in the
country. In order to carry out these types of functions, it has to collect
large amount of revenue from sources.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07772142146778725470noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5980048420672087086.post-49311577386815819862013-06-09T02:19:00.004-07:002013-06-09T02:19:27.279-07:00PUBLIC ENTERPRISES<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Public Enterprises refer to government
business organization where there is at least 51% of shares of government.
Their objective is to provide basic necessities such as water, electricity, and
services such as health education etc to the people. Those are the duties of a
welfare state.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Nepal bank limited is established in
1937 is regarded as the first modern public enterprise. There is all together
37 public enterprises in Nepal. The objectives of public enterprises are given
below<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">1)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To achieve economic development in
balanced and organized manner by providing basics infrastructures.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">2)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To distribute consumption goods
reasonable price by improving its quality.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">3)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To established large and nonprofit
oriented organizations which are beyond the capacity of private sector.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To help generate national revenue.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">5)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To earn foreign exchange.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">6)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To generate the employment
opportunities.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">7)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To obtain economic, political and
social objectives of the nation by mobilizing available capital and labor
resources. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">
The importance of public enterprises is very high in developing
countries likes Nepal. The private sector does not have huge resources and does
not want to take higher risks. The established of enterprises can help in creating a strong
foundation for modern industries economy and help the country in achieving self
sufficiency in industrial and technical
know how.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07772142146778725470noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5980048420672087086.post-33379214776018102962013-06-09T02:18:00.003-07:002013-06-09T02:18:17.923-07:00TYPES OF BANK<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; text-align: center;">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The bank can be
classified into following type <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">1)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Commercial Bank<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">
The commercial bank is the oldest type of bank. In general, the term is
used to mean a commercial bank. The main objective of this bank is to earn
profit. This types of bank was initially established to provide short-term
loans to the traders. Hence, this bank is called commercial bank. Nepal bank
ltd is Nepal first commercial bank. Now there are 32 commercial banks in Nepal.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">2)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Central Bank<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> A central bank is established in every
country. This bank is established under complete government ownership.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The main function of its to issues
notes and coins. Nepal Rastra Bank established in 1956 is the central bank of
Nepal. The main function functions of a central bank is to issues notes and
coins.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">3)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Agriculture bank<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> The bank established for the
development and modernization of agriculture sector is called agricultural
bank. Since, it is established as specialised institution for the development
of agriculture, it is also known as development bank.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Development Bank <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> Banks established for the development
of agriculture, industry, tourism, and mining are known as development banks.
In Nepal separate development banks have been established in the private sector
since 1998. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07772142146778725470noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5980048420672087086.post-37498006569956400962013-06-09T02:17:00.003-07:002013-06-09T02:17:18.063-07:00Primary function of commercial bank<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Commercial banks accept deposits from
customers in from customers in fixed, saving and current account and provide
credit under the headings of cash credit, overdraft, loan and discounting bills
of exchanged.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Secondary functions<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Secondary function is also known as
agency function which comprises collection of credit instruments, income
receiving and payment, purchase and sale of securities, trustee and attorney
and remittance of money.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Contingent functions<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The contingent functions of
commercial bank are also known as incidental or general utility functions which
comprises safety of valuable goods, such as gold, diamond and valuable
document, issues the credits instrument such as letter of credit traveler
cheques etc .<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Capital market<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Capital market is a mechanism through
which long term funds are loaned and borrowed in trade, commerce and industrial
sector. Long term securities such as bonds, shares and debentures are traded in
capital market. Generally, capital market provides loan facility to the
business sector for more than one year.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Money market <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Money market is a mechanism through
which short term funds are loaned and borrowed in trade, commerce and
industrial sector. IT refer to the
activities of financial institutions to meet the demand and supply of money for the specified
period.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07772142146778725470noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5980048420672087086.post-68983499825227668142013-06-09T02:16:00.002-07:002013-06-09T02:16:19.542-07:00IMPORTANCE OF BANK<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The role of banking system in the
economy can be explained under the following headings.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">1)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mobilisation of savings <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> The banks encourage thriftiness and
save more among people. The men can be free of the future anxity when do not
have income on account of savings. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">2)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Capital Formation<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> The capital formation is crucial for
the economic development of a country. The less developed countries likes Nepal
are suffering from low capital formation. The bank collects idle money from
people.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">3)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Promotion of Employment<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> The unemployment is a serious problem, which may result into
severe social political and economic consequences. In Nepal, pressure of
population on land is high. A large share of labour force is unemployed and
under employed. The bank helps to relieve the economy from the pressure of
unemployent. The banks provides loans to business, entrepreneurs and farmer in
different forms.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Upliftment of poor<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> The banks make available loans to
rural people on reasonable rate of interest. This helps farmers to understand
agricultural and non agricultural works.
The small farmer development project, small sectors development programme, small
and cottage industries project, micro credit project have been implement by
agricultural development bank and commercial bank in Nepal for the upliftment
of the poor.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07772142146778725470noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5980048420672087086.post-71566245417574093432013-06-09T02:14:00.004-07:002013-06-09T02:14:36.100-07:00Function of central bank<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The function of central bank is given below<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">1)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></i></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Monopoly of notes issue<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">2)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></i></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Government bank<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">3)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></i></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Bankers bank<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></i></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Lender of the last resort<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">5)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></i></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Clearing house function<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">6)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></i></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Control of credit<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">7)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></i></b><!--[endif]--><b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Development function<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Monopoly of notes issue<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> The central bank is given the
monopoly right to issue the note in every country. Central bank issues all
together 11 types of notes.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">At present, central bank issues coin
also. The notes are issues against the fixed %reserve of gold, silver and
foreign currency so as to check the over issues of paper money.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Government bank <o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> The central bank works as the
banker, agent and advisor of the government. The bank provides banking services
to the government as the services provided by commercial bank people. The bank
maintains government account.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Banker of bank<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> The central bank works as the
banker of other banks. The rights of supervision, control on other banks for
the sound development of the banking system in the country lies with central
bank. The commercial bank have account in central bank. <o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07772142146778725470noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5980048420672087086.post-47785368079077976032013-06-09T02:13:00.000-07:002013-06-09T02:13:01.448-07:00FOREIGN TRADE IN NEPAL<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Foreign trade refers to exchange of
goods from one country to another. There are mainly two components foreign
trades. They are export and import. Export refers to the situation where a
country supplies surplus goods to other countries. On the contrary, import
refers to that situation where a country demands deficit goods constitute the
foreign trade of a country concerned.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Nepal is an underdeveloped country
with an agrarian economic base. Nepal has no adequate production of
agricultural as well as industrial goods. Thus, Nepal imports various goods
from India and overseas countries required for the consumption and
production. Similarly, surplus good
produced in Nepal are exported to other countries of the world. Such export and
import of goods constitute foreign trade in Nepal. Thus from this discussion we
can define precisely foreign trade that it refer to the transaction of goods
and services between two or more countries which incorporates export and
import. If the goods are exchanged within the country itself it is called
domestic trade.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The history of foreign trade of Nepal
is as old as the history of Nepal. In ancient times Nepalese goods were
exported China and India. Imports were also made from these two countries. At
present also, these two countries which lies in the North and south of Nepal
are its major trade partners.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07772142146778725470noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5980048420672087086.post-19531279341031362702013-06-09T02:10:00.002-07:002013-06-09T02:10:36.441-07:00Development bank<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Development banks are
established to develop agriculture, industries and infrastructure and
employment opportunities to some extent. In case of Nepalese economy,
development banks are providing their services in the following sectors.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->A)<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->The fundamental objective of agricultural t bank
development is to provide financial support to needy farmers for the
modernization and commercialization in agriculture. However, recently this bank
has started to provide its service to commercial services. This bank provide
loan at subsidized int est. rate than other commercial banks. Agricultural
development bank in Nepal was established in 2024BS. At present, some of its
branches provides commercial services in the city area as well.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->B)<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Industrial development bank</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
The bank, which is established to
accelerate and promoter the process of industrial in the country, is defined as
industrial bank. Industrial bank provides short term, medium term and long term
loan for the purchase of fixed assets and variable factor of production. It
stands as the backbone of industrial sector to expand and modernize the small,
medium and large industries of agricultural, transport, communication,
education.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
It is also known as investment bank. There
are two industrial banks in Nepal.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->C)<span style="font-size: 7pt;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Rural development banks </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
The concept of rural development banks was
development in Bangladesh in 1976AD. It provides banking services banking
services to the poor people of rural areas. It also mobilizes small savings,
provides credits to marginal farmers or people of suffered classes without
tangible deposit.</div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast">
Generally, it provides short term credits in
income generating activities. Rural development bank in Nepal was introduced in
2049BS.There are five regional rural development banks in Nepal. </div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07772142146778725470noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5980048420672087086.post-21961234888188098712013-06-09T02:09:00.001-07:002013-06-09T02:09:17.574-07:00AGRICULTURE<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Agriculture is regarded as the
primary sector of the Nepalese economy. It is the chief occupation of about
65.5% of the total working population of Nepal and contributes about 32.32% of
GDP of Nepal. Major portion of Nepal export trade depends on agriculture. It is
estimated that about 18%of the total land area of the country is under cultivation.
Growth rate of agriculture is 4.9%.The irrigation facility is in Terai (80%)
region followed by the Hills (15%) and Mountain (5%) regions. 75 % of the total holding the country are
below one hectare and only 8%of holdings are above three hectares. The total
area under food crops farming is estimated to be 76%. The cash crops occupy 24%
of the total area.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Agricultural productivity level in
Nepal is far below compared to other developed countries. Low productivity has
resulted because of inferiors seeds, traditional methods of farming, lack of
irrigation facilities, low of education,
awareness, and lack of necessary information.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The importance of agriculture in the
economics development of Nepal is very high. It is the primary sector of the
economy providing the basic necessities for the existences of people.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07772142146778725470noreply@blogger.com0